Story criteria: Is it unique?

A Syrian family in the Jordanian city of Mafraq, near the Syrian border.

A Syrian family tells us their story in the Jordanian city of Mafraq, near the Syrian border.

Next on our list of criteria when choosing stories to pursue for Crossfield News: The story must be unique and distinctive. That means it’s either gone unreported or underreported elsewhere.

We have little interest in attending press conferences, or in finding our way to a pack of journalists all reporting the same story with slightly different spins. When the world’s spotlight shines on the powerful, the beautiful and the rich, we’d much rather find the people in the shadows. Their stories are almost always more interesting and relatable.

Let me illustrate with the series of Egypt stories we’re currently publishing. Lincoln and I didn’t go there to report on the country’s political status and the upcoming presidential election, even though that’s on everyone’s mind there. Newspapers, TV networks and larger news agencies are handling that story. For us, one more take on the same story doesn’t accomplish much.

What we had not seen was a thoughtful exploration of the country’s spiritual state before, during and after the revolution. We hadn’t read anything about Christians at the center of a powerful prayer movement that could shape the country’s spiritual future. So we went to Egypt intent on finding some of those people, listening to their stories and then telling them. No, it’s not the big geopolitical picture that would lead TIME magazine or the New York Times. It’s telling some underlying, smaller stories through the eyes of the people living them.

Example No. 2: When we went to Jordan last fall to report on the Syrian refugee crisis, we decided not to go to the Zaatari camp where 144,000 refugees were camped, and from where many news agencies already had reported stories. We went instead to an unnamed, unofficial refugee camp on the outskirts of Amman, and to tiny apartments where Syrian families were living in the city of Mafraq. The people we met there all had incredible, heartbreaking stories – stories that never would have been told to a wider audience had we gone instead to where the other media had been.

Our primary focus is not to be the umpteenth agency reporting the same story, but to find deeper stories that others have missed. Poet Robert Frost might have been the patron saint of this approach:

Two roads diverged in a wood, and I –
I took the one less traveled by,
And that has made all the difference.

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Cultivating great story sources

OLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERAYesterday Jim talked about two really important story questions: “Is it interesting?” and “Is it important?” If you don’t have those two going for you, find a different angle. Or story. But where to find good examples?

The ocean of online uselessness in which the interesting and important stories float conspires to overwhelm the search for them. It’s like a rescue team looking for a life raft on the Pacific.

That’s where great sourcing comes in. If you’re like me, you learn by observing and doing. You look at what the talented writers and reporters out there are doing, and what they’re producing, and emulate them. What angles are the they taking? Who are they talking to? Where and how are they getting their video and their photos? How can I do that?

Here are some great websites to follow, in no particular order. They do a great job of reporting stories, and also explaining them. Some of them also have really cool smartphone apps:

If there are others that you like to follow, let us know!

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Elements of a good story

We’ve gained a few new audience members lately, so this might be a good time to run through some basics of how we do what we do at Crossfield News, and how anyone can better identify stories worth telling.

Our mission:

We will seek and report stories of God’s work occurring on the front lines of the Great Commission, to help engage the worldwide Church. We will recruit and train others to do the same.

Additionally, we seek to report firsthand, with a style of journalism that puts the audience on the scene. We will emphasize story quality over quantity.

That’s a lot of potential stories for a very small (for now) organization. So, we also use a criteria list when deciding which stories to cover. Over the next few posts, I’ll walk you through that list.

The first three criteria are holdovers from my newspaper days. They form a basic definition of news: timely, important, interesting. Stories that made the front page needed all three of those attributes.

For our purposes at Crossfield News, timely means the topic is relevant now to our audience – primarily the U.S. church – and possibly is occurring in a world hotspot. It doesn’t have to mean that we’re on the scene of a breaking news event; often we’re reporting from a place that’s been in the news and now is gone from the daily public consciousness – but is still relevant.

Important means the story has potential impact on our audience. Does this affect their lives? How? The story answers the questions, “Why should I care?” and “What can I do?”

Interesting means the story contains strong building blocks like sympathetic characters, conflict, resolution and even redemption. Basically: Would it make a good movie or book? Not every news story offers resolution or redemption, because the story is still playing out. But, does it contain tension – one force pushing against another, with something important at stake? That’s probably a good story.

More criteria on Wednesday.

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These books go on the top shelf

During lunch conversation Tuesday at the Evangelical Press Association convention, I was asked, “Other than your own book, what are your favorite books on writing?”

Here’s what came to mind, in no particular order. They aren’t all about writing. Some of these deconstruct the feature writing process, and others simply inspire because they are so well-written and reported:

What books inspire you to write great stories?

 

 

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Miracles and searching for truth

Indian woman prayingPiggy-backing on Jim’s blog yesterday …

Several years ago, I attended Sunday worship at a church in Kolkata, India. After the service, the pastor asked us Americans to stay a while and pray for whoever asked.

I wasn’t standing there but a minute when a teenage girl named Fulkumari walked up with a friend who spoke English (good thing — my Bengali’s gotten rusty). The first thing I noticed about Fulkumari the wet washcloth she had pressed against her eye. She wore one of those “I can’t stand this” looks on her face — whatever pain she was trying to soothe with that washcloth clearly had the best of her.

Through her friend, Fulkumari told me that she’d had an eye infection for three weeks, and that it was really painful. She asked me to pray for her. So I prayed. Right there in the middle of a crowded room, I put my hands on her shoulders and prayed that God would take away her pain.

That was it. Simple prayer. She thanked me and walked away with her friend.

Another couple walked up with their son, who was heading to university and wanted prayer for his tests and admission process. We prayed, the family thanked me, and we said our goodbyes.

The next person was … Fulkumari, again with her friend. Only this time, Fulkumari was wearing a huge smile. No washcloth, no “please knock me out” grimace on her face. I asked her how she was doing, and her friend said her pain just … went away.

A hard-core cessationist might say (would have to say) this was all a coincidence. I’d like that person to look Fulkumari in the eye and tell her that. Miracles still happen, healings still happen. But an American skeptic, even Christian skeptic, still asks, “Why don’t those healings happen here?”

My answer is, “How do you know they’re not?” We are so hard-wired to only believe what our senses and logic tell us that it’s quite likely that we reject out of hand the “small” miracles happening around us all the time as coincidence, luck or – worst of all – the result of some person’s cleverness.

Behind the question of “Why don’t those healings happen here?” is a darker question: “Where’s mine?”

Then again, maybe you’ve prayed for a healing that resulted in a loved one actually getting sicker, or dying. I know people who’ve suffered that. Just as real as the healings that do happen are the healings that don’t. I’ve had many loved ones die of cancer after people prayed for their healing. I don’t know why God didn’t say “yes” to those prayers.

What I do know is what I saw that day in Kolkata when a teenager with an eye infection asked me to pray, and I did, and her infection went away. I can only put 2 and 2 together there and conclude that the God I prayed to took away that girl’s pain. She hadn’t taken any medication – no ibuprofen, no amoxicillin, no codeine. She was what she claimed she was – healed of her pain.

The pragmatic logic there didn’t tell me to look for a “reasonable” alternative conclusion. It told me to trust the most reliable source. Isn’t that what journalists should do? Isn’t that what everyone should do?

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Angels and demons

A church worker (in blue) restrains a women screaming and thrashing violently during the Cave Church service.

A church worker (in blue) restrains a women screaming and thrashing violently during the Cave Church service. Photo by Jim Killam.

The movie “Heaven is for Real” cost $12 million to make and as of a week ago had raked in more than $52 million at the box office. Apparently a lot of people are interested in grappling with its central question: Do you believe a 4-year-old boy’s account that, during emergency surgery, he briefly went to heaven?

I certainly believe heaven is for real, but not having seen the film or read the book yet, I have no opinion on their credibility. But, as journalists who report on the work of God around the world, this question is more than academic. We’ve heard people talk about supernatural events – healings, exorcisms, even resurrections. In Egypt a few weeks ago, we witnessed events that looked a lot like descriptions I’ve read of demonic possession and exorcism.

How to report those events, if at all? What just happened back there? In our Crossfield News story, here’s how we reported what we saw at a place commonly known as the Cave Church:

About 75 Muslim women sit together to the right of the stage. Many come regularly to seek healing for physical, emotional or spiritual problems. The priest, Father Abuna Simaan, is preaching from Matthew 8 and Mark 7, about Jesus’ power to heal.

“All those wanting to be touched by him, he is willing to touch,” he says in Arabic. “Those who are heavy burdened – he is able to set them free.”

Already, during the worship music, some of the women have erupted into screams – particularly as words from various Psalms are sung. Now, as Father Simaan nears the end of his message, one of the Muslim women begins screaming and flailing uncontrollably. Church security people surround her, hold her down and pray with her. As she calms, the people sitting near her don’t seem fazed.

Now, what I think was happening was that these women were demon-possessed, and something happening during that church service was smoking the demons out. The reading of certain passages from the Bible seemed to increase this activity.

But I couldn’t say for sure. So I simply wrote what I saw. Nothing more.

The next day, I talked with a leader from another church about demonic activity. He said it’s frequently visible in Egypt these days – and especially as groups of Muslims attend Christian churches.

“We gather them together and we start to say the Word of God, the message of Jesus, of salvation,” he said. “And many of them accept. After they accept, you have the right to say to the evil spirits, ‘Go out.’ Because this man or this woman, they want Jesus.

“You have the spiritual authority to control it. Sometimes there are many of them. Screaming, very loud. And you can control it in the name of Jesus.”

Often, this church leader believes, the screams are indeed coming from demons. Sometimes it’s from the person. One way to tell, he said, is to look in the person’s eyes. When a demon is communicating through that person, the eyes have an inhuman stare about them.

“Many of them have told us, don’t look at me in my eye. I don’t want your eyes on me,” he said. “I look because I have the authority. This is Jesus – I have zero, I am nothing – but now when we face the evil spirits, now Jesus will do everything.”

Fascinating stuff. I didn’t use these quotes in the story because they would have distracted from the bigger story, about prayer and revival in Egypt. Sometimes we can pay too much attention to the sensational and miss the more significant.

Journalistically, here’s where we land on these kinds of topics:

  • If you witness it yourself, don’t assume more than you just saw.
  • If you did not witness it, check the information with multiple, independent eyewitnesses. Did they all see the same thing?
  • If you can’t find eyewitnesses to a supernatural event, you probably don’t have something you can report.

At the Cave Church, I was struck by the non-response of most of the people around the screaming women. They certainly noticed the craziness happening around them, but it didn’t seem to distract them from the central message – the priest’s sermon about salvation through Jesus.

Jesus himself addressed this in Luke 10, when the disciples he sent out return and talk excitedly about how they were able to cast out demons.

“Don’t rejoice because evil spirits obey you,” Jesus responds. “Rejoice because your names are written in heaven.”

That’s a piece of advice we try to follow journalistically, too. Don’t ignore the miraculous, but don’t overplay it or sensationalize it, either. There are bigger miracles happening.

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Blowing up the neighbor’s house with dynamite

1984 CoverScore one for Big Brother.

By now people have heard and read so much about Los Angeles Clippers owner Donald Sterling’s racist rant that he’s on his way to being old news. For those who’ve just awakened from a coma, the married Sterling blabbed some racist trash to his girlfriend, who secretly recorded it. The recording (somehow!) made into the hands of that paragon of ethical journalism, TMZ, and the rest is public humiliation history.

Within minutes (it seemed) of the comments getting aired, NBA President Adam Silver had banned Sterling from the league for life — a little awkward since he still owned the LA Clippers at the time. That no peer has come to Sterling’s defense is not surprising, given his attitudes toward the majority of people who play in the NBA. That he will likely be forced to sell the Clippers (given a sufficient number of “nay” votes from his fellow owners at an impending meeting) also seems like a natural consequence of his actions.

What is surprising — quite unsettling, really — is that the man made these comments in the privacy of his own home. But even more unsettling to me is the lack of outcry over the illegal invasion of privacy that Sterling now will never live down. It’s as if the ends justify the means.

I don’t like racism. I don’t condone racism. I hate it. I’ve eaten with, traveled with, prayed with, worshiped with and worked with enough people of different ethnic backgrounds from mine, all over this world, to know firsthand how beautiful racial diversity really is. It’s not a buzzword to me. It’s not a political ploy. It’s the living, working reality of my job as a missionary journalist. And I love it.

So I’m not excusing anything racist that Sterling said. If he said those things, and it’s pretty clear that he did, he unquestionably needs to repent. But this is bigger than any one person’s attitude. This is about Americans’ First Amendment right to say anything that doesn’t break the law — to say stupid things that win you enemies, even to say deeply unjust and racist things that make people want to puke. They have a right to say those things, and decent people have the right to ignore them and refute them. We allow such people to have their say so the rest of us can have ours, too. That’s how free societies work. That’s the only way they can work.

But with Sterling, things seem to have taken a turn. It’s as if Sterling doesn’t have the right to hold those views, repugnant as they are. It’s as if he should suffer public flogging for saying those repugnant things in — again — the privacy of his own home.

This isn’t good for our public discourse. It destroys public discourse, because if everyone is afraid of saying something unpopular, then the deeply unpopular things that must be said sometimes to set things right won’t get said because people with those thoughts will be afraid of getting condemned in the court of public opinion with no trial. Just like Donald Sterling did.

If he were alive now, “1984” author George Orwell would probably say he didn’t push his satire far enough, seeing where things have come. An excerpt from the beginning of that novel, in which two children play Thought Police with hero Winston Smith, rings a little too true to the public outcry over Sterling’s non-crimes:

“You’re a traitor!” yelled the boy. “You’re a thought-criminal! You’re a Eurasian spy! I’ll shoot you, I’ll vaporize you, I’ll send you to the salt mines!”

Suddenly they were both leaping around him, shouting “Traitor!” and “Thought-criminal!”, and the little girl imitating her brother in every movement. It was somehow slightly frightening, like the gamboling of tiger cubs which will soon grow up into man-eaters.

Sterling isn’t exactly headed to the salt mines. He’s a billionaire. He’ll be fine. What worries me is why almost nobody I’ve seen (blogger Matt Walsh notwithstanding) is worried about the precedent this sets.

In 1948, when Orwell published his novel, secretly recording the rants of angry old bigots like Sterling was the stuff of spy novels, not real life. Now we have digital recorders and smart watches and tablet apps. Those tools are powerful enough to do a lot of covert damage themselves.

But Orwell foretold of another tool of mass control in”1984″ — the Internet. And that’s where the powder keg of a private racist rant meets wildfire. The Thought Police don’t have to come looking for you now. They have all the evidence they need to hang you dropped onto their Facebook news feeds.

What’s clear from Sterling’s public censure is that we don’t really know how to handle the technology we so dearly love. Powerful weapons demand equally powerful ethics — ethics that we as a culture simply do not have, as the popularity of online rags such as TMZ clearly demonstrates. We’re like kids playing with dynamite, and if we blow up the house of the grumpy old bigot next door while he’s in it, well, don’t tell me not to be so careless with explosives. It was his fault for being such a jerk.  

The frightening thing is, this isn’t the end of private comments ruining someone’s public profile. It’s just the beginning. George Orwell, somewhere, is saying, “I told you so.”

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‘Who is this man?’

At the heart of Luke’s gospel – after Jesus feeds the 5,000, heals many, raises Lazarus from the dead and calms a stormy sea  – lies the central question of all history: Who is this man? Luke builds the suspense and curiosity in chapters 8 and 9, finally using a quote from Peter to reveal Jesus’ identity: “You are the Messiah, sent from God!”

“Who is this?” is a question every journalist should ask when composing a story about a person. It’s the heart of every good profile. And then, the real art is to reveal the answer not in statements, but in stories and dialogue. Give readers enough clues to figure it out for themselves. Give them the opportunity for the light bulb to go on in their own heads.

One of the best magazine stories I’ve ever read was by Gary Smith in the March 5, 2001 issue of Sports Illustrated. “Higher Education” was about an enigmatic high school basketball coach who left a community dumbstruck. In fact, Smith even employed the phrase, “Who was this man?”

The story begins:

This is a story about a man, and a place where magic happened. It was magic so powerful that the people there can’t stop going back over it, trying to figure out who the man was and what happened right in front of their eyes, and how it’ll change the time left to them on earth.

goingdeepThat paragraph could preface one of the gospels. It hints at some of the story’s central themes: selflessness, reconciliation, community, growth, and an almost-messianic figure.Perry Reese Jr. was a black Roman Catholic, hired to coach basketball in the all-white Amish community of Berlin, Ohio, in the 1980s and ’90s. It won’t give away too much to tell you that Reese died of brain cancer and that Smith’s incredible story is an 8,500-word answer to the questions, “What just happened back there? Who was this man?”

Good journalists learn to find significance in the unusual or the unexpected. A black outsider coming to an Amish town to coach basketball is about as expected as … well, as the Son of God being born in a stable. Surprises can turn into powerful stories.

To write a story about a man he never met, Smith went to Ohio and interviewed eyewitnesses. He gathered anecdote after anecdote, detail after detail. He created a story so powerful that, 13 years after I first read it, I still get bowled over by its final paragraphs.

Go read it, and other stories by Smith, if you want to see the power of great storytelling. And feel a little sad that Smith is retiring as a magazine writer, after decades writing for Sports Illustrated, Life, Esquire and others. This Sports Illustrated column by S.L. Price pays tribute to the best magazine writer of our time – and provides links to some of his greatest work.

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To engage or retreat?

Thoughts after hearing a good sermon yesterday by Pastor Eric Wait at New Hope Church in Ogallala, Nebraska:

TriStar Pictures

TriStar Pictures

In America, we live in an increasingly profane culture that holds decreasing regard for eternal topics in the public square. Currently, though, people right and left are talking about religiously themed movies – especially the commercially successful “Noah” and “Heaven is for Real.”

What would be the best strategy for the church in a hostile culture?

  • Start, or join, conversations about sin and judgment, or whether heaven is a real place. See these films, or at least read up on them. Whether the films are good or bad isn’t our primary concern. They can start conversations about eternal topics – conversations that people usually avoid.
  • Argue amongst ourselves about whether these films are completely faithful  to Scripture. Agree that they’re not. Certainly don’t see them, and then only talk about them to criticize them.

Part of the reason these films have been successful is that they tell good stories. Powerful stories. Stories that don’t necessarily tell us what to think, but that raise interesting questions and provoke us to think, and talk.

I think we can work with that.

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Cubs loss: A predictable story

Photo by Scottsusin

Photo by Scottsusin

Some stories satisfy you because of an unexpected twist, others because they so richly fulfill expectations.

As predictably as a rom-com ending with a kiss, the Chicago Cubs lost at home yesterday during the 100th anniversary celebration of their beloved Wrigley Field. And they didn’t just lose. That wouldn’t play to type. They gave the fans what they really expected and blew a three-run lead in the ninth inning. They went on to fall 7-5 to the Arizona Diamondbacks.

Welcome to Wrigley Field, the most ornate burial ground in America.

If another team lost at their stadium’s centennial party, it would be ironic. For the Cubs, it wasn’t ironic, it was expected. Anything other than a ham-handed, bumbling loss would have left people dumbfounded, confused even. A victory would have sparked talk of turning corners, turning over new ivy leaves, embracing brighter futures blah blah blah blah blahhhhhhhhh ….

No, no, no. This loss was right and good, like cops catching robbers, like the guy getting the girl. Give the people what they want, because what they want is what they expect when they walk in the door. And people don’t expect the Cubs to win big games. They expect them to lose, big-time. And did the Cubs deliver?

Yes, they did.

Before the game, the Cubs honored several star players from the past 50 years — Banks, Williams, Dawson (no Sosa, predictably). These guys really are heroes, not for their Series-winning hits or catches, but simply for rising above the mediocre North Side mess.

If yesterday was about celebrating the past and all that is Cubdom, this loss was the most appropriate thing the Cubs could have done. It was the capturing of the villain, the bully’s humiliation, the kiss (OK, the kiss of death).

That, dear friends, is what Wrigley and the Cubs have always been about.

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